Corruption In Table Tennis - Free Sample Assignment Solution

Question: Discuss about the Corruption in Table Tennis. Answer: Introduction Over the years, sports have turned out to be one of the biggest economic force. By the year 2008, it was estimated that the sports industry generated an average of 2.5 to 3.5 of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Bures, 2008). When it comes to professional sports, there has been a significant growth in the supply of money that has resulted to the commercialization of sports from football, basketball, volleyball, tennis and table tennis among others. On a much more positive note, this has led to sports development, the building of new sports infrastructures like arenas or stadiums, live television and internet transmission of sports games to billions of people, and generations of funds to nurture and support new talent. Above all, this has turned out to be a source of employment for many athletes. This has been the case with table tennis, a sport whose popularity and growth to international scenes has largely been influenced and dominated by the Asian countries, especially the Chinese even though this was a western game. As it is common in most cases, where there is a massive flow of money, there is usually the possibility of occurrence of corruption. According to Byers (2015), corruption in sports can be defined as any form of immoral, unethical or illegal activity that is meant to or endeavors to intentionally change the results of a sporting competition, for the personal material gain of an individual or a group of people involved. Byers (2015) further notes that from an economic standpoint, any activity whose focus is to earn money by influencing or changing an outcome of a sporting contest through bribery, losing a game in return for a monetary or non-monetary compensation can as well be placed under corruption in sports. The common forms of corruption found in sports range from match-fixing, embezzlement of funds, bribery during the selection of host nations, manipulating results, corruption in the election of sporting bodies leaders, and transfers of players. Match fixing in Table tennis There are few reported cases of some of the above-mentioned forms of corruption in table tennis. In 2011, the former president of the Singapore Table Tennis Association (STTA), Choo Wee Khiang was arraigned in court for corruption and criminal breach of trust (Concha, 2011). Dating back to 2005, Choo accepted a bribe from table tennis player Liu Zhongze through the assistant coach. In return, Liu was to be given more opportunities to represent the STTA in international tournaments. It can be argued that this kind of behavior is influenced by players whose focus is to earn more from the rewards given to winners and participants in world tours. According to the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), players are awarded monetary prize during the world tour grand finals (tournaments) based on the stage a player will reach. For example, in Mens single, Quarterfinalists will earn $7,500, semi-finalists $15,000 and the winner goes home with $60,000 ("I T T F prize_money", 2016).The a llure of this high amount of prize money has forced players to engage in corruption by bribing the association feels on their way to participate in these major tournaments. However, the most prominent form of corruption in table tennis is match-fixing, which is meant to influence the results of a game. In organized sports, when a match is played to a pre-determined result, this is referred to as match fixing as it violates the rules of the game. This is a common problem in some of the sports like basketball, football, tennis, and volleyball among others. There are several reasons for match fixing though this is mostly connected to betting, whether legal or illegal (Bures, 2008). In such an instance, the motive is for financial gain, and this could be linked to organized crime working in collaboration with players who will earn from throwing away a match. Aside from financial reasons, games can be fixed by sports officials, coaches or players so as to gain favorable advantages during the tournaments. In an online article, Tan (2014) acknowledges that Chinese players have been a formidable force in table tennis over the years given the comprehensive train ing the players undergo. Despite that, the most reported cases of table tennis match-fixing have been by the Chinese teams. Following allegations of match fixing which during the 2012 London Olympics, it was later revealed that China had a long history of match-fixing involving its players. According to Tan (2014), the first recorded case of match-fixing occurred during the 1961 world championships that were held in Beijing. Li Furong was instructed by the leaders to let Zhuang Zedong win. This was a pre-determined result that was followed by into the next two season finals when the two players met again in the finals. Though not for financial reasons, this was meant to exalt the status of the Chinese players on the world stage as a three-consecutive times champion. Aside from the national pride, China had also resort to match fixing as a form of punishment to players, who despite being better than their opponents, were considered disobedient and problematic. A case example is during the 1981 world championships finals in the womens singles finals. Despite Cao Yanhua winning all matches in the squad competitions against Tong Ling, Cao was instructed to let Tong win (Tan, 2014). Match fixing involving players from the same team has also been favored by coaches who feel that a particular player in the team has a better chance of winning against a particular opponent. According to the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC America), this match fixing by officials was reported in 1987during the world championship ("Table Tennis 101: History", 2016). After Dai Lilli had been defeated by the Korean Yang Young Ja, the Chinese coaches asked He Zhili to concede against fellow teammate Guan Jianhua whom they saw had a higher chance of winning against the Korean. In defiance, He Zhili ignored this and went ahead to defeat Guan and the Korean to win the finals (Tan, 2014). The following year, before the Seoul Games, Chinese officials dropped He Zhili from the team despite being the reigning champion in womens singles. It was later revealed that this was punishment after refusing to throw away a match against Guan Jianhu. In contrary to Ze Hilli who defied her coachs or ders, in the 2012 Olympics, Wang Hao obeyed the orders from his coach to loose against Zhang Jike. In an appearance on a local television show, Wang Haos coach noted that this match-fixing was in favor of the teams performance in the mens doubles final (Tan, 2014). The reasoning was that compared to other team mates, Wang Hao was capable of mentally withstanding a loss in the finals without having any impact on the performance of the mens double finals where he was to team up with Zhang Jike. This fixing paid off as Zhang and Wang went on to win the mens doubles finals. In a summary, from the research conducted on corruption in table tennis, match fixing involving players and coaches from the same team is common, especially with the Chinese teams. As discussed, the motive is to bring pride and glory to the nation, at times as punishment to players deemed disobedient in addition to increasing the chance of a team winning medals in the tournaments. Coaches mostly perpetrate this match fixing. Mobile betting as an emerging form of corruption in sports Siegel and Packham (2016) points out that the rapid rise in mobile betting has transformed international sports gambling faster than regulators can control or react to. This has been fueled by the revolution and growth in internet technology that has made it possible for anyone to access both the legal and illegal betting sites that are mushrooming from almost everywhere. As a result, the betting industry is now flooded with a lot of cash that has a significant contribution to the corruption scandals recently witnessed in football and the tennis game among other sports. In a more worrying and growing trend, there are various reported and ongoing cases that some athletes are involved in betting or approached by individuals to throw away matches in return of huge cash payouts. Earlier in the year before the opening of the Australia Open tennis, following an investigation by BuzzFeed News and the BBC, Blake and Templon (2016) reported that a significant number of tennis players ranked among the top 50 in the world were involved in match-fixing and betting. After analyzing the betting patterns where suspicious bets had been placed against some of the winners of the singles and doubles grand slam tournaments, 16 players were found to have deliberately thrown the game. Even though this was dismissed by the Tennis Integrity Unit which conducted its investigation and found no evidence as reported by Rothenberg (2016), it will be unwise to reject the report by BuzzFeed and BBC. NBC reports that experts believe one-on-one sports like tennis can be easily fixed compared to other team sports like football or rugby. This supported in an article by Lebaneses The Daily Star ("Mobile betting fuels corruption concerns", 2016). Besides, the large disparity of money paid to top players and the lower or upcoming players has made the sport more susceptible to corruption. Players are likely to be approached by organized betting criminal gangs who would offer quite an attractive high payout to players compared to prize money offered in tournaments for them to lose matches ("Fears of corruption, match-fixing in professional tennis driven by earnings gap between journeymen and star players on tour", 2016). On January 25th this year, Australian player Nick Lindahl pleaded guilty to deliberately losing a match after informing bettors in advance that he is going to throw away the match (Eddie, 2016). Aside from being offered money to lose matches, some players are participating in betting by placing bets on their games, which is illegal. In this instance, the player goes on to lose the match. On 24th July, it was reported that Italian players Marco Cecchinato and Ricardo Accardi were barred for 18 months and one year respectively (Rothenberg, 2016). This followed an investigation into an ATP Challenger Tour quarterfinal match in October 2015. It was reveale d that Accardi and his father had used several accounts with different betting sites to place bets in a match where Cecchinato was the favorite but throw away. Were it not for the Autonomous Administration of State Monopolies that discovered the unusual large bets in favor of a weak opponent for Cecchinato, this could have passed unnoticed. With the emergence of many legal and illegal betting sites, it is increasingly becoming difficult for sports authorities to identify fixed matches and the individuals involved, whether players or not. This betting by players is likely to affect all types of sports, table tennis included. Conclusion Corruption in sports has become rampant, and it is increasingly difficult for authorities to detect with increased commercialization of sports. This has been made even more challenging by growth in internet technology which has resulted in the establishment of many gambling sites that has led to a high supply of money and organized crimes fueling corruption in sports. From the research conducted, even though there are little information or reported cases of corruption in table tennis, this does not imply that the sport is immune to corruption. The common form of corruption in table tennis has been identified as match fixing. Players, coaches, and officials collude to influence the results of a game. It has been widely reported on Chinese table tennis teams where coaches and officials have ordered the players to lose games. However, there may be a lot of unreported cases or those that have gone unnoticed in other countries as well. Furthermore, the development of mobile and internet t echnology has made gambling easily accessible to many people and players around the world. Nowadays, players are opening accounts with multiple betting sites under different aliases and proceed to bet on their opponent bearing in mind that they are going to throw away the games. With the existence of illegal sites, it is becoming difficult for authorities to detect such unethical behaviors. It is only through the analysis of betting patterns that suspicious activities could be identified. It is, therefore, necessary for sports association, local and international authorities, and betting companies to collaborate through sharing of information in eliminating or reducing cases of corruption in sports. References Blake, H. Templon, J. (2016). The Tennis Racket. BuzzFeed. Retrieved 9 September 2016, from https://www.buzzfeed.com/heidiblake/the-tennis- racket?utm_term=.oywPklol8#.slXKEVbVQ Bures, R. (2008). WHY SPORT IS NOT IMMUNE TO CORRUPTION (1st ed.). Transparency International Czech Republic. Retrieved from https://www.coe.int/t/dg4/epas/Source/Resources/EPAS_INFO_Bures_en.pdf Byers, T. (2015). Contemporary issues in sport management. SAGE Publications Ltd. Clearinghouse : Match-Fixing and Illegal Sports Betting. Clearinghouseforsport.gov.au. Retrieved 10 September 2016, from https://www.clearinghouseforsport.gov.au/knowledge_base/organised_sport/sport_integri ty/match-fixing_and_illegal_sports_betting Crooks, E. (2016). Tennis hit by more corruption allegations with two officials banned. Mail Online. Retrieved 11 September 2016, from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/sportsnews/article-3438980/Tennis-hit-corruption- allegations-two-officials-banned-bid-manipulate-scoring-betting-breach.html Eddie, R. (2016). Former tennis pro Nick Lindahl, 27, pleads guilty to corrupt betting. Mail Online. Retrieved 10 September 2016, from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article- 3414933/Tennis-player-Nick-Lindahl-pleads-guilty-tanking-match.html Fears of corruption, match-fixing in professional tennis driven by earnings gap between journeymen and star players on tour. (2016). ABC News. Retrieved 9 September 2016, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-01-20/journeymen-players-money-struggles- prompt-tennis-corruption-fear/7100082 I T T F prize_money. (2016). Ittf.com. Retrieved 11 September 2016, from https://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf1.asp?category=prize_money Mobile betting fuels corruption concerns. (2016). The Daily Star Newspaper - Lebanon. Retrieved 9 September 2016, from https://www.dailystar.com.lb/Sports/Tennis/2016/Jan- 21/333051-mobile-betting-fuels-corruption-concerns.ashx Rothenberg, B. (2016). Italian Match Fixing Suspensions Imposed Amid Criticism of Tennis Watchdog. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 11 September 2016, from https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/25/sports/tennis/italy-tennis-match-fixing- suspensions.html?_r=0 Rothenberg, B. (2016). Tennis Integrity Unit Is Finding Doubters. Nytimes.com. Retrieved 9 September 2016, from https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/05/sports/tennis/tennis- integrity-unit-is-finding-doubters.html S, W. (2016). Whos afraid of insider trading?. The Economist. Retrieved 10 September 2016, from https://www.economist.com/blogs/gametheory/2016/01/corruption-tennis Siegel, M. Packham, C. (2016). As mobile fuels sports betting boom, corruption concernsmount. Reuters. Retrieved 9 September 2016, from https://www.reuters.com/article/us- tennis-corruption-mobile-idUSKCN0UY0SU Table Tennis 101: History. (2016). NBC Olympics. Retrieved 10 September 2016, from https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/table-tennis-101-history Tan, P. (2014). Chinese Table Tennis Team's History Of Match-Fixing. TableTennista.com.Retrieved 9 September 2016, from https://tabletennista.com/2014/11/china-s-history-of- match-fixing/.

The Cathedral Essays (1176 words) - Platonism, Cathedral, Analogy

The Cathedral Plato's ?Myth of the Cave? and Carver's Cathedral provide insight into parallel words. The protagonists in each story are trapped in a world of ignorance because each is comfortable in the dark, and fearful of what knowledge a light might bring. They are reluctant to venture into unfamiliar territory. Fortunately the narrator in the Cathedral is forced by circumstances to take a risk. This risk leads him into new world of insight and understanding. The narrator in ?The Cathedral? begins the story with the issue of hesitation in seeing the light. The light in this story just like the light in Plato's ?Myth of the Cave? represents reality. The narrator expresses the fear of expressing reality when he said ? I wasn't enthusiastic about his visit. He was no one I knew. And his being blind bothered me. My idea of blindness came from the movies. In the movies, the blind moved slowly and never laughed. Sometimes they were led by seeing eye-dogs. A blind man in my house was not something I look forward to?. (Page 98). The narrator felt that being blind was like being in a type of prison and the preconceived notion of self-imprisonment was frightening to him. He felt that blindness was exactly like being a prisoner in Plato's Cave, a scary world where no light ever penetrated. Unfortunately, the husband is imprisoned in his own ignorance. His view of blindness had come from Hollywood's portrayal of blind people. As far as he is concerne d, his situation is completely normal. He knows there are lots of people just like him. In ?The Cathedral? the extent of the husband's ignorance or naivet? is extremely irritating. When his wife tells him the beautiful story of the blind man's romantic relationship with his wife Beulah, all he could think of is ? What a pitiful life this woman must have led. Imagine a woman who could never see herself as she was seen in the eyes of her loved one. A woman who could on day after day and never see the smallest compliment from her beloved. A woman whose husband could never read the expression on her face, be it misery or something better?. (Page 100). But the blind man had sight in the form of intuitiveness. This sight gave him greater vision than the sighted man. The blind man had a sense of and source of reality in the truth and strength of the relationship. This man was unlike the prisoners in the cave. The humans in the cave had no such reality. No love warmth or human contact. The prisoners in the cave had no knowledge of those things. The fire and the shadow provided the only reality for them. This was their source of knowledge and their source of contact with the world. For these people their ?cave life? and their ignorance created a world worse than the blind man's. Unknown to the prisoners in the cave an elevated causeway crosses through the cave. The prisoners do not know where this road will lead them. In Carver's ?Cathedral?, the narrator did not realize that the blind man was in his ?causeway? out of ignorance. He did not realize that the simple act of his wife inviting the blind guest would lead to major new discoveries about himself and his ignorance. The narrator's wife has been exposed to knowledge, which is what Robert represents in this story, for many years. She was more aware of the world because of her relationship with Robert. This exposure was instrumental in presenting her husband with a learning opportunity. Her husband was given the opportunity to see the light. This was territory into which he would have never ventured on his own. His fears from his own cave prevented such risky behavior. This was opportunity for him to learn, grow, and develop in a myriad of ways. He would gain in his relationship with his wife. He would gai n new insights about himself, and most of all he would gain knowledge that would pull him out of his own cave. The narrator saw the blind man ?drink? and ?smoke cigarette down to the nubbin?. He saw the blind man ?enjoy dope and whiskey'.

How to Turn a Sample Essay Into a Model Essay

How to Turn a Sample Essay Into a Model EssayIf you are having a hard time writing a good sample essay for college, I would like to help you. However, I do not recommend that you allow yourself to be told what your essay is going to be. In this article, I will show you how to turn the sample essay into a model essay.Let's start by creating a sentence by sentence outline of the sample essay. This is usually easy to do since you are doing a research assignment and writing the essay is as easy as doing a research. So, the first paragraph that is laid out is going to be an introduction to the main theme of the essay.Now for the introduction, the paragraph that follows should look like this. The title of the essay should go in the first paragraph, and the rest of the paragraph is going to be the body of the essay.The next paragraph should continue with another introduction. Also, the last paragraph is going to be an argument or conclusion.In the second paragraph, you can expand on the ide a of what you are saying in the introduction paragraph. It is also a good idea to briefly mention what the theme of the essay is and how it relates to the whole topic. Use of common sense would be very helpful when you write this paragraph.Now for the conclusion of the paragraph, you can either include it as a conclusion or in the body of the essay. In the body of the essay, you could give a summary of your argument or conclusion. It is good to think about how you will talk about your argument or conclusion so that you will understand it well.When you finish writing the sample essay, try to put everything together to make it seem like a good, cohesive, and professional essay. When you feel that it is complete, you can just ask someone else to proofread it for grammar and style. This will not take long if you follow the guidelines that I have outlined here.

How to Write a Research Essay in Marketing

How to Write a Research Essay in Marketing If you study marketing as a part of your college course then you understand the importance of accomplishing an accurately researched essay in marketing. Marketing can be the key to product adoption success or market advantage. You should research the key marketing attributes as the right way for deploying the marketing strategy. Some part of your research essay writing would be based on deciding what aspects of marketing are crucial for the research, the company chosen for the research and the product characteristics. Together with the investigating the marketing issue and subsequent questions with potential sources, it is also crucial to know how to actually write this kind of academic assignment. The point is that your research can simply get lost in the text that is not clear or fails to communicate the findings. What you have to keep in mind when writing a research essay in marketing is that there is more than just writing a beginning, middle and conclusion. The truth is that this paper is about expressing your research findings precisely and with the intellect required to engaged the readers. For a marketing research essay to be successful you have to take the right steps. In case of marketing essays, it’s better to start with a logical framework created from past specialists. Here, you will want to study the chosen products or company in order to understand the market position. Feel free to apply the well-known theories of Philip Kotler and Michael Porter in order to gain a perspective on the chosen topic and support your ideas with trustworthy facts. Choosing a Topics Writing Research Essays in Marketing To write the research essay in marketing, it is important for you to understand the basic purpose of this subject. To put it simply, marketing is a field of study that is focused on analyzing a range of market segments concerning their potential financial profit. Just like the other college research essays, a good one in marketing begins with choosing a compelling topic. In other words, it’s time to decide what aspect of marketing you’re going to discuss in your paper. However, you need to keep in mind that no matter how compelling the chosen topic is, it won’t do you any good if you don’t support it with factual data and stats. This in turn means that you have to do a lot of researching and then narrow your topic down. As a marketing student, you have an access to many different resources such as internet, your college library that help you to come up with a good research idea. Nonetheless, the thought of creating the research essay may be pretty daunting, especially if you’re still at the brainstorming level and have no idea what to write about. Just like in case with any other writing, begin by thinking about your audience. Then, create a 1-2-3 list of research essay topics that are most interesting to you, as well as the topics that you know will intrigue your readers. However, if you are still struggling to choose one topic out of the many available options, we’re here to provide some topics that you may pin down one from. Digital Marketing Digital marketing is about any type of marketing strategies that happen on the web. It is also referred to as online marketing that includes many different forms like email, search engine and ad marketing. Here are the potential topics in this area: The Future Challenges of Online Advertising Strategies; Behavioral Targeting as the Key Method to Attract Online Customers; Click Fraud as One of the Biggest Problems Online Advertisers Face Today; Dynamic Advertising as the Number One Method to Develop Personalized and Relevant Ad. Trade Marketing Trade marketing (B2B marketing) usually includes various promotional activities that are created to improve demands of selected services and products among different supply chain partners. In other words, trade marketing is not just targeting customers. It is also targeting wholesalers, retailers and distributors. The Key Lessons and Challenges of Trade Marketing Today; Potential Sales Opportunities in a Market for Modern Distributors; Techniques that Make Product Affect Everyone in the Supply Chain; How to Make Product More Appealing To Retailers? International Marketing International marketing is used in order to market services and products simultaneously in different countries all over the globe. Shelf Spacing Competition: A Comparative Analysis of International and Local Brand; How the US Marketing Affects the Other Countries; The US Digital Consumer: Nuances and Opportunities for Brands; Cultural Targeting in the Field of International Marketing. Geographical Marketing Geographical marketing is concentrated on integrating geographical intelligence into the company’s campaigns. This kind of marketing is important because collecting data and using figures and facts based on this or that location increases the chances of the marketing campaign’s success. The Influence of the Geographic Location of the Customer; Why Geography Matters in Marketing; The Role of Geographic Data Localization in Seizing New Business Opportunities; Globalization as a Method to Communicate More Effectively with Customers. Others The Concept of Attractiveness in Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model; Brand Attributes That Lead to an Increase in Customer Loyalty; Understanding Customer Perceptions Around Event Sponsorships; Marketing Challenges Related to Evolving Family Structures. Now again, you have to keep in mind that a research essay in marketing is still an essay. This means that this paper has to be created in an engaging way. No matter how crucial it is to use trustworthy data and stats for this essay, writing skills are vital as well. Create an Outline Write the Essay on Its Basis Once you are done with the marketing thesis, the next step includes not only brainstorming but writing down an outline with brief notes for every section as logical means to prove your thesis. Clearly, marketing research essay’s outline would first have information on the expert framework, and after that how it is applied in the real-life situations. From this point, presenting concrete and specific examples is always desirable to follow up the thesis statement, a way of debating the main idea for your study. The basic outline for the essay about ‘Advantages Disadvantages of Marketing Principles’ is going to look like this: Introduction Mention the theories that will be covered such as market segmentation, marketing, targeting and positioning, ambush marketing, 4Ps, PESTEL analysis, Porters’ five forces, buzz marketing, Ansoffs matrix, and micro-environment factors. The Body: 4Ps Ambush Marketing Buzz Marketing Ansoffs’ Matrix Macro Environment Marketing (Includes PESTEL and Porters Five Forces) Micro Environment Marketing Conclusion Mention there are many different methods that a company can utilize in order to successfully analyze the market. Bibliography Some of the resources include Ansoff, I., 1957. Strategies for Diversification. Harvard Business Review, 35(5), pp. 113-124.; Ansoff, I., 1965. Corporate Strategy. New York: McGraw Hill.) Without a doubt, you know how important a good introduction for a research essay is. How many times have you already grappled with how to begin a research essay? The reality is that a research essay in marketing (or any other subject) should have an attention-grabbing introduction that not only summarizes what the project is about but also grips your readers and creates interest in your topic. By approaching the essay research in marketing as something that is important to your readers and the other members of the community you will be able to start your essay properly. At the same time, you have to remain logical and communicate the step-by-step means of how you approach your argument. Thus, the text of your essay will come naturally. In other words, if the research essay introduction does an effective job, it will become a roadmap for your assignment. The body of the research essay in marketing is the most important and the longest part of the project. You, as the author, have to check your outline and cover it with the relevant information. Allow the body of your essay to reflect all of your findings as specifically as you possibly can. If you write the research essay on â€Å"Tapplock Diversity Strategy†, use your body to tell your readers that according to the findings of your research, â€Å"the most suitable target market for Tapplock to boost sales by 40% at the end of 2019 is targeting on construction employees in the United States who need easy adaptor, convenience and high security biometric functions to protect the tool of greater value†. The concluding part of the research essay in marketing is a must have because you have to use it to wrap your findings up. What is more, it is important to use the conclusion to ask the questions that may remain. If, for example, you work on the research essay titled ‘Snapchat in Small Businesses’ Growth’, let your readers know what you have learned from the research. What kind of challenges Snapchat is going to face? Does it serve as a perfect basis for the modern business? What can the owners of Snapchat expect from the future? Feel free to provide recommendations or reflections before the conclusion in order to wind down the essay. This will help you to communicate the concluding thought more efficiently. Mind the Academic Format A research essay in marketing has to be built according to the rules of academic writing, and appropriate formatting is an important part of it. College professors will definitely specify what format you have to follow – Chicago, MLA, APA or anything else. In case your professor doesn’t give you any specific requests, you have an opportunity to choose the formatting style that you work with easily and can stay consistent in the process. There are three main styles that students use to format the research essays properly, referred to as Chicago Manual of Style (CMS), MLA and APA. MLA style. The Modern Language Association could be an option for those who study the Humanities. In other words, theatre majors, English students and artists are well familiar with this style. APA style. The American Psychological Association to be precise. This is the number one choice when it comes to social sciences. Thus, if you’re a student of the biology, medicine, sociology, social work or psychology course, consider using APA style. Chicago style. Chicago formatting style is preferred by the humanities’ students, particularly the ones who study literature or some advanced segments of history and the arts. If you think that at this stage your research essay is over, it’s just the beginning. The revision part is very important because it enables you to think about your research and the findings once again and maybe return to exploring the topic. Who knows, maybe at this level you will face new ideas and find out that you have actually missed something important that needs further elaboration. As for the editing, things are going a completely different way. Editing is about checking the language usage, finding out if every word, phrase or sentence makes sense. As a rule, when you edit you have to read the text out loud in order to detect all mistakes. At the editing level you have to ask your friend or anyone, who can boast of professional writing skills, to read your paper and honestly tell your what is wrong with it. Use their feedback to fix all mistakes and make your final draft perfect for your professor’s requirements. This is pretty much everything that a college student needs to know to write a research essay in marketing.

Tips for Selecting Your Storys Narrative Style

Tips for Selecting Your Storys Narrative Style Tips for Selecting Your Story’s Narrative Style Tips for Selecting Your Story’s Narrative Style By Mark Nichol Before writers can share their stories, they have to decide what type of storyteller they’re going to hire for a particular gig. Here are the job candidates: First Person For this narrator, it’s all â€Å"Me,† â€Å"Me,† â€Å"Me.† (Or, more precisely, â€Å"I,† â€Å"I,† â€Å"I.†) But it’s not that simple. The first-person narrator can be integral to the story, in which case they know only what they observe or discover. Alternatively, they can be a minor character, which may actually free them up to know more than the major players. The first person might also be once or twice removed from the story: They heard it from a friend or a friend of a friend (or some other indirect source). But keep in mind before you hire this applicant that it’s a challenge to keep the first-person narrator from telling too much, and that such a person is subjective and therefore unreliable. (Actually, that can be a good thing, dramatically speaking.) First person is an effective device especially for action-oriented genre fiction: detective stories, thrillers, and the like, because this type of narration keeps the reader close to the action and privy to the cogitations of the protagonist, who is usually trying to solve a mystery or foil a plot. Second Person The second person (â€Å"You†) doesn’t get much work. You might think second person is the most engaging type of narrative, because it puts the reader in the thick of the action, but the device gets old quickly. However, it can be used incidentally, in a prologue or in one or more asides, cued by the first-person or third-person narrator. Third Person This narrative device (â€Å"He,† â€Å"She,† â€Å"They†) is the most common, for good reason(s): The third-person narrator is an objective observer who describes and interprets the characters and their actions, thoughts and feelings, and motivations without direct knowledge. (That objectively doesn’t always prevent the narrator from making satirical or otherwise judgmental observations, however.) But before you leap up and cast this role, there’s one more decision to make: Is this narrator omniscient, meaning they know all, or are they, like the characters, limited in their knowledge? Beyond that, is the third person partisan about the proceedings, or neutral? Consider, too, that just like a first-person narrator, the third person might be unreliable: An observer, whether they have limited or unlimited access to knowing what the heck’s going on, may have a mischievous streak and decide to deceive the reader. Tense Regardless of who you hire, one more issue needs to be resolved: tense. Will the narrator describe occurrences in the present (â€Å"I steal over to the sofa and make sure the gun appears to have fallen out of her hand†), or in the past (â€Å"I stole over to the sofa and made sure the gun appeared to have fallen out of her hand.†)? Just as with second person, a little present-tense narration goes a long way, but a short short story can be effective in that form, or you can introduce present tense in digestible morsels in a longer work, such as when a character is recalling an incident. Choose tense and narration form carefully, and may the best person win. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† at the Beginning of a Sentence36 Poetry TermsRite, Write, Right, Wright

Principles of Quality Management Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Principles of Quality Management Systems - Essay Example Total quality states the culture and attitude of an organization with the sole purpose of satisfying its customers with its products and services. The culture element in quality control is all pervasive in a company’s operations, removing the faults at first notice to achieve total quality control standards set in the principles of quality management systems. TQM is essentially customer-driven. It is run by top management, where improvement is a continuous process to satisfy customer needs as fast as possible. Products and services are improvised on the basis of collected data and its analysis. The employees participate in the best of team spirit feelings to attain a TQM culture and environment. All departments of an organization work for customer satisfaction – becoming internal customers first by operating as customers to some functions so that any loopholes may be checked and rectified before the product is Okayed for supply to venders. Thus, different parts of a company first become customers of its own products for some functions, then supplier to venders, who play a positive role in the process of total quality management for customer satisfaction. Products are developed in a TQM environment, where attention is paid to enhance and add quality and value to a product by checking errors instead of negative criticism. In a proce ss-oriented atmosphere, team members interact with their internal customers to attain total quality. Venders, who are external customers, become a part in the process of fulfilling customers’ demands, expectations, wishes and needs. Another important principle of Quality management systems is its â€Å"process approach†. This stress on process approach is fundamental to Quality Management Systems BS EN ISO 9001:2000.This standard is the "granddaddy" of global quality management system standards, and is designed to be used by any organization as the foundation for a QMS. It

Audited and Unaudited Financial Statements of Patton-Fuller Community Assignment

Audited and Unaudited Financial Statements of Patton-Fuller Community Hospital Virtual Organization - Assignment Example In 2009, there was a fall in stock and real estate markets which affected the hospital in making general financial decisions. The 2008 and 2009 financial statements were prepared so as to understand and compare changes brought by reassessing investments of the facility. This will help bring out the positive and negative changes and reasons why they occur. To begin with, the first difference is noted between the audited and unaudited financial statements. Looking at the Patients Accounts Receivable and with 2008 as the base year, there is a difference of $1000. Provision for Doubtful accounts in the unaudited accounts has a value of $13797 and audited statement has $13,797 resulting in a difference of $1000. Operating income in 2009 was at $689 for unaudited and at $-311 after audit resulting in a difference of $378. Effect of the differences realized in the net income from the unaudited statements to the audited statements was from $627 to -$373. Looking at the above differences, it can be noted that the decision made by the board through the Chief Financial Officer was favourable. With the unstable economy, the differences provided confidence to the hospital to be successful in the future operations.  Ã‚